Online dictionary of history and traditions in Japan: military man

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Abe no Hirafu

阿倍比羅夫比羅夫
alternative words: Abeno Hirafu, Hirafu, Abe no Hirabu, Hirabu
keywords: famous person , military man , northern territory
related topics: Emperor Tenchi , Ezo , Battle of Hakusukinoe , Paekche
related web sites: http://www2.freeweb.ne.jp/~maoda/hirafu2.html
explanation: Japanese admiral of Asuka period in the reign of Empress Saimei and Emperor Tenchi. As general governor of Koshi region (northern part of Honshu on the coast of Sea of Japan), he beat Ainu then with their aid, he led 180 battle ships to beat Misehashi (Tungus tribe living in actual maritime province of Russia) at the delta of Amur river. He was then called to Korea to help Paekche to recover their country but severely defeated by Chinese fleet at the battle of Hakusukinoe in 663.

Admiral Togo

東郷平八郎
alternative words: Tougou Heihachirou, Togo Hehachiro, Togo Heihachiro, Togo
keywords: famous person , military man , russia
related topics: Russo-Japanese war , Edo shogunate , Meiji period , Mikasa , Battle of Tsushima , Boshin war
related web sites: http://plaza20.mbn.or.jp/~igyou/FIRE/report/tougou/toubou.htm , http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/ro/gi11496/03/3e-005.html , http://www2u.biglobe.ne.jp/~chiba-vs/tougou2.htm
explanation: Japanese admiral, born in 1847 in a samurai's family of Kagoshima. After having participated in Boshin war against Edo shogunate in 1868, he studied in naval academy of England. Then he had commanded several battle ships and became the director of Japanese naval academy before nominated to the supreme commander of Japanese fleet in 1903. On the flag ship Mikasa, he annihilated Russian Baltic fleet in the battle of Tsushima on May 27, 1905. He died in 1934.

Commodore Perry

ペリー提督
alternative words: Matthew Calbraith Perry, Perry, Matthew Perry
keywords: famous person , foreigner , military man
related topics: Edo shogunate , Kanagawa treaty , Sakoku , Black ship
related web sites: http://www.lint.ne.jp/~meirokun/perry.htm , http://www.st.rim.or.jp/~iwat/zenshi-2/zenshi-2.html
explanation: American marine officer, born in 1794. With the mission to establish a diplomatic relationship with Japan, he arrived on July 8, 1853 at Uraga near Tokyo with 4 battle ships. He asked Edo shogunate to open harbors by giving a credential letter of the American president. He promised to return back next year to get the official answer. So he came back in February 1854. Before his coercive attitude, Japan had to sign Kanakawa treaty by breaking 2 century old seclusion policy. He died in 1858.

Enomoto Takeaki

榎本武揚榎本武揚
alternative words: Takeaki Enomoto, Enomoto Buyo, Buyo Enomoto, Enomoto Buyou, Buyou Enomoto
keywords: famous person , meiji revolution , military man , northern territory , statesman
related topics: Meiji revolution , Saint Petersburg treaty , Hatamoto , Boshin war
explanation: Born in 1836 in a Hatamoto family. He learned naval technique in Tokyo and Nagasaki to become himself a teacher. Between 1862 and 1866, he studied in Holland naval technique and international law. After returned back to Japan, he was nominated to Marine Minister (Kaigun bugyo) of Tokugawa shogunate. After its defeat in 1868, he refused to surrender and fled to Hakodata with his ships, but finally pardoned. He served then in many ministerial posts of Meiji government.

General Nogi

乃木希典乃木大将
alternative words: Nogi Maresuke, Maresuke Nogi, Nogi
keywords: famous person , military man , russia
related topics: Sino-Japanese war , Russo-Japanese war , Boshin war , Edo shogunate , Meiji period , Emperor Meiji , Seinan war
related web sites: http://member.nifty.ne.jp/chohu/nogi.htm , http://www.tk.xaxon.ne.jp/~amajun/photo/akasaka/ , http://www.niji.or.jp/home/nkym/h2.htm
explanation: Japanese general, born in 1849 in Yamaguchi prefecture. After having participated to Boshin war against Edo shogunate in 1868, he studied military tactics in Prussia. Once retreated and become a farmer, he was called again to participated in Sino-Japanese war. During Russo-Japanese war, he commanded the 3th army to capture Port Arthur. Though he was not clever tactician, his fighting sprit formed the base of Japanese military doctrine. He committed suicide in 1912 after the death of Emperor Meiji.

Golovnin

ゴローニンゴロブニン
alternative words: Vasilij Mikhajlovich Golovnin
keywords: famous person , foreigner , military man , northern territory , russia
related topics: Takadaya Kahee , Ezochi , Rezanov
related web sites: http://www.kufs.ac.jp/toshokan/50/goro.htm
explanation: Russian naval officer, born in 1776 in a noble family. As a retaliation against Rezanov's attacks on Japanese trading posts in Kuril and Sakhalin islands, he was captured during a survey work around Kunashir island in Kuril in 1811. In turn, Russians captured a Japanese merchant, Takadaya Kahee who was trading around Kuril islands. Finally both men were liberated in exchange. The book that Golovnin had written on his 3 year captivity in Japan became a best seller.

Katsu Kaishu

勝海舟
alternative words: Kaishu Katsu, Katsu Rintaro, Rintaro Katsu
keywords: famous person , meiji revolution , military man , statesman
related topics: Rangaku , Meiji Revolution , Edo shogunate , Bugyo , Hatamoto
explanation: Born in 1823 at Tokyo in a Hatamoto family. He had become familiar with the western technology by learning Dutch language. For that reason he went by ship to USA as captain of Rinkanmaru to ratify Harris treaty. He was nominated then to "Gunkan bugyo" ( a kind of naval minister) to form Japanese to the western military technology. In 1868, he negotiated a surrender of Tokugawa regime with Saigo Takamori to let his army take over Tokyo without fighting. He died in 1899.

Kodama Gentaro

児玉源太郎
alternative words: Kodama Gentarou, Gentaro Kodama, Gentarou Kodama
keywords: military man , russia , war
related topics: Choshu domain , Boshin war , Seinan war , Sino-Japanese war , Russo-Japanese war , Oyama Iwao
related web sites: http://www.d4.dion.ne.jp/~s.w.gen/genntarou.html , http://www.ag.wakwak.com/~azuma/nichiro/gen.html
explanation: Born in 1852 in a samurai family of Choshu domain. He first participated in Boshin war of 1868 then in Seinan war of 1877 to get a good reputation. Appointed as director of Japanese military academy in 1887, he was eager for introducing German army tactics. He participated in Sino-Japanese war of 1895 as stuff officer, then became Army minister in 1900. During Russo-Japanese war of 1905, as chief of stuff of Manchurian army led by Oyama Iwao, he brought a victory to Japan. He died in 1906.

Laxman

ラックスマンラクスマン
alternative words: Adam Erikovich Laxman, Laksman
keywords: famous person , foreigner , military man , northern territory , russia
related topics: Daikokuya Kodayu , Ezochi , Sakoku , Matsumae domain , Edo shogunate
explanation: Russian army lieutenant, born in 1766. He was dispatched by Empress Catherine II to establish a diplomatic relation and to return back a Japanese seaman, Daikokuya Kodayu. They arrived in 1792 at Nemuro and passed a winter. Next year, they sailed to Matsumae and met Bugyo Ishikawa Shogen and Murakami Daigaku from Edo shogunate. Due to the national seclusion policy, his mission failed but they gave him a credence letter for a further discussion in Nagasaki.

Omura Masujiro

大村益次郎村田蔵六
alternative words: Masujiro Omura, Murata Rokuzo, Oomura Masujiro
keywords: famous person , meiji revolution , military man
related topics: Meiji revolution , Choshu domain , Edo shogunate , Boshin war , Rangaku , Ronin , Yamagata Aritomo
related web sites: http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~gz5k-hnd/kh/sis/06mu01/
explanation: Born in 1824 in a doctor family of Choshu domain. After having studied medicine and rangaku at school of Ogata Koan in Osaka, he opened a cabinet in his homeland. He was called by Uwajima domain to translate western military books, then became rangaku teacher of Edo shogunate. Wining a good reputation, he was called by Choshu domain to implement a western style army and participated to Choshu war and Boshin war. He was assassinated in 1869 by ronin unhappy with his reform.
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16 articles extracted from postgresql database.