Online dictionary of history and traditions in Japan: Jokou

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French version

Jokou

上皇
alternative words: Joukou, Retired emperor
keywords: emperor , title
related topics: Minamoto no Yoritomo , Kamakura shogunate , Insei , Emperor Gotoba
explanation: When state affairs became too complex, some emperors prefer to retire and act as tutor of an emperor at shadow. The first example of Jokou was Impress Jito who acted as tutor of Emperor Monmu. When Jokou became a priest, he was called "Hoou". The famous examples of Jokou or Hoou are Goshirakawa hoou who opposed to Minamoto no Yoritomo and Gotoba jokou who organized Shoku rebellion against Kamakura shogunate. The politics carried out by Jokou or Hoou were called Insei.